构建系统
构建系统我们需要依次完成源码下载、源码合并、环境搭建以及镜像编译。
- 源码下载 - 我们需要下载 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码和瑞莎维护的 Cubie A5E 相关的源码。
- 切换分支 - 我们需要将部分仓库切换到瑞莎维护的对 Cubie A5E 支持的对应版本。
- 环境搭建 - 我们需要搭建 SDK 编译所需的环境。
- 镜像编译 - 我们需要将合并后的源码编译成镜像。
源码下载
下载 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码和瑞莎维护的 Cubie A5E 相关的源码。
Allwinner 官方 SDK
下载官方 SDK 源码
提供 MEGA 和百度网盘两种下载方式：
同步本地仓库状态
进入 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码根目录，然后使用 repo sync -l 命令同步本地仓库状态：
Linux-Host$
repo sync -l
说明：该命令等效于 .repo/repo/repo sync -l 且不需要安装 repo。
运行正常后，终端会输出类似如下信息：
Updating files: 100% (14802/14802), done.dating files: 71% (10553/14802)
Updating files: 100% (15025/15025), done.ting files: 47% (7062/15025)
Updating files: 100% (588/588), done.rm/configUpdating files: 9% (1355/14239)
Updating files: 100% (2945/2945), done.tina-ng/package/allwinner/tina_multimedia_demoUpdating files: 9% (1371/14239)
Updating files: 100% (169/169), done.ce/config/a733Updating files: 9% (1407/14239)
Updating files: 100% (2963/2963), done./config/commonUpdating files: 45% (1349/2963)
Updating files: 100% (46/46), done.vice/config/rootfs_tarUpdating files: 89% (41/46)
Updating files: 100% (463/463), done.dy-2.0/toolsUpdating files: 96% (446/463)
Updating files: 100% (73678/73678), done.ating files: 12% (1809/14239)
Updating files: 100% (70667/70667), done.xternal/gpu_demoUpdating files: 82% (57947/70667)
Updating files: 100% (1830/1830), done._patchesUpdating files: 72% (1318/1830)
Updating files: 100% (861/861), done.ux/external/libgpuUpdating files: 13% (1891/14239)
Updating files: 100% (990/990), done.dareUpdating files: 79% (783/990)
Updating files: 100% (194/194), done.c-release/libcedarc_v2.0Updating files: 57% (8117/14239)
Updating files: 100% (14239/14239), done.xternal/libtmediaUpdating files: 59% (1001/1696)
Updating files: 100% (151/151), done.a/tina-ng/buildroot-202205Updating files: 63% (1069/1696)
Updating files: 100% (1696/1696), done./external/powerkeyUpdating files: 86% (1459/1696)
Updating files: 100% (3369/3369), done./external/setusbconfigUpdating files: 48% (1618/3369)
Updating files: 100% (1202/1202), done./external/firmwareUpdating files: 63% (760/1202)
Updating files: 100% (8/8), done./linux/external/libcutilsUpdating files: 75% (6/8)
Updating files: 100% (1383/1383), done./external/rtk_hciattachUpdating files: 14% (198/1383)
Updating files: 100% (2934/2934), done./external/lvgl-8Updating files: 7% (114/1451)
Updating files: 100% (5/5), done./tina/tina-ng/prebuilt/hostbuiltUpdating files: 12% (187/1451)
Updating files: 100% (7/7), done./tina/tina-ng/prebuilt/kernel-built/aarch64Updating files: 100% (7/7)
Updating files: 100% (1451/1451), done.tina-ng/prebuilt/kernel-built/armUpdating files: 26% (391/1451)
Updating files: 100% (513/513), done.ing files: 72% (370/513)
Updating files: 100% (1760/1760), done.ating files: 6% (1008/16800)
Updating files: 100% (8337/8337), done.rtosUpdating files: 72% (12229/16800)
Updating files: 100% (1846/1846), done.componentsUpdating files: 25% (6454/25640)
Updating files: 100% (16800/16800), done.na-ng/target/t736Updating files: 99% (16632/16800)
Updating files: 100% (5/5), done./tina/tina-ng/prebuilt/aarch64Updating files: 28% (7180/25640)
Updating files: 100% (6686/6686), done.yocto/baseUpdating files: 98% (849/863)
Updating files: 100% (1631/1631), done.yocto/meta-tinaUpdating files: 13% (213/1631)
Updating files: 100% (863/863), done.onboardUpdating files: 100% (863/863)
Updating files: 100% (25640/25640), done.cto/pokyUpdating files: 33% (8584/25640)
Checking out: 100% (89/89), done in 5m23.476s
repo sync has finished successfully.
repo 命令
若没有安装 repo 命令，可以自行安装 repo：
Linux-Host$
sudo apt update
sudo apt install repo
瑞莎 Cubie A5E 源码
| 仓库名称 | 源码仓库 | 目标分支 | 目标文件夹 |
|---|---|---|---|
| allwinner-target | https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-target.git | target-a527-v1.4.6 | target/a527/ |
| allwinner-device | https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-device.git | device-a527-v1.4.6 | device/config/chips/a527/ |
| allwinner-bsp | https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-bsp.git | cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 | bsp/ |
| kernel | https://github.com/radxa/kernel.git | allwinner-aiot-linux-5.15 | kernel/linux-5.15/ |
| u-boot | https://github.com/radxa/u-boot.git | cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 | brandy/brandy-2.0/u-boot-2018/ |
说明：目标文件夹是指瑞莎 Cubie A5E 源码需要存放到 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码的对应位置。
切换分支
将部分仓库切换到瑞莎维护对 Cubie A5E 支持的对应版本。
建议直接进入 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码目录，然后依次执行添加远程仓库地址、更新远程仓库、切换分支命令。
| 仓库名称 | 添加远程仓库地址 | 更新远程仓库 | 切换分支 |
|---|---|---|---|
| allwinner-target | git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-target.git | git fetch radxa | git checkout -b target-a527-v1.4.6 radxa/target-a527-v1.4.6 |
| allwinner-device | git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-device.git | git fetch radxa | git checkout -b device-a527-v1.4.6 radxa/device-a527-v1.4.6 |
| allwinner-bsp | git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-bsp.git | git fetch radxa | git checkout -b cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 radxa/cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 |
| kernel | git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/kernel.git | git fetch radxa | git checkout -b allwinner-aiot-linux-5.15 radxa/allwinner-aiot-linux-5.15 |
| u-boot | git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/u-boot.git | git fetch radxa | git checkout -b cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 radxa/cubie-aiot-v1.4.6 |
演示示例
进入 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码目录下的指定文件夹，然后依次执行添加远程仓库地址、更新远程仓库、切换分支命令。
Linux-Host$
cd target/a527/
git remote add radxa https://github.com/radxa/allwinner-target.git
git fetch radxa
git checkout -b target-a527-v1.4.6 radxa/target-a527-v1.4.6
您可以按照以上步骤依次完成其它源码的合并。
环境搭建
硬件要求
64 位系统，硬盘容量建议大于 128GB。
软件要求
Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04 / 24.04 系统
安装依赖包
Linux-Host$
sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential subversion git-core libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk flex quilt libssl-dev xsltproc libxml-parser-perl mercurial bzr ecj cvs unzip lib32z1 lib32z1-dev lib32stdc++6 libstdc++6 lib32ncurses-dev lib32z1 ncurses-term bison libexpat-dev cpio busybox -y
修改脚本
编译前，我们需要在 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码目录的 build/pack 中添加补丁，用来支持 extlinux 启动。
--- a/pack
+++ b/pack
@@ -235,6 +235,9 @@ ${LICHEE_CHIP_CONFIG_DIR}/configs/${PACK_BOARD}/wavefile/*:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR
${LICHEE_CHIP_CONFIG_DIR}/configs/${PACK_BOARD}/${PACK_TYPE}/*.bmp:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/boot-resource/
${LICHEE_CHIP_CONFIG_DIR}/boot-resource/boot-resource/bat/bempty.bmp:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/bempty.bmp
${LICHEE_CHIP_CONFIG_DIR}/boot-resource/boot-resource/bat/battery_charge.bmp:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/battery_charge.bmp
+${LICHEE_CHIP_CONFIG_DIR}/boot-resource/extlinux:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/boot-resource/
+${LICHEE_PLAT_OUT}/sunxi.dtb:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/boot-resource/extlinux/
+${LICHEE_PLAT_OUT}/bImage:${LICHEE_PACK_OUT_DIR}/boot-resource/extlinux/Image
)
添加补丁说明
你可以在文档内搜索代码块前面不含 + 的代码行，找到需要添加代码的位置后，将补丁内容添加到代码块中。
镜像编译
进入 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码目录，然后初始化编译环境和启动配置界面。
初始化编译环境
Linux-Host$
source build/envsetup.sh
初始化成功后，终端会输出类似如下信息：
NOTE: The SDK(/home/milir/download/tina_sdk) was successfully loaded
load yocto... ok
load buildroot,dragonboard,bsp...ok
Invoke . build/quick.sh from your shell to add the following functions to your environment:
croot / cl - Changes directory to the top of the tree
cbrandy - Changes directory to the brandy
cspl / cboot0 - Changes directory to the spl
csbi[10|14] / copensbi[10|14] - Changes directory to the opensbi
cu / cuboot / cboot - Changes directory to the uboot
cubsp / cubootbsp / cbootbsp - Changes directory to the uboot-bsp
carisc - Changes directory to the arisc
ck / ckernel - Changes directory to the kernel
cbsp - Changes directory to the bsp
cbsptest - Changes directory to the bsptest
cdts - Changes directory to the kernel's dts
cchip / cchips - Changes directory to the chip
cbin - Changes directory to the chip's bin
cboard / cconfigs / cbd - Changes directory to the board
crootfs - Changes directory to the rootfs
cdsp - Changes directory to the dsp
crtos - Changes directory to the rtos
crtoshal / crtos-hal - Changes directory to the rtos-hal
cbuild - Changes directory to the build
cbr - Changes directory to the buildroot
copenssl - Changes directory to the product's openssl-1.0.0
cout - Changes directory to the product's output
ckout / ckernelout - Changes directory to the kernel output
Usage: build.sh [args]
build.sh - default build all
build.sh bootloader - only build bootloader
build.sh kernel - only build kernel
build.sh buildroot_rootfs - only build buildroot
build.sh uboot_menuconfig - edit uboot menuconfig
build.sh uboot_saveconfig - save uboot menuconfig
build.sh menuconfig - edit kernel menuconfig
build.sh saveconfig - save kernel menuconfig
build.sh recovery_menuconfig - edit recovery menuconfig
build.sh recovery_saveconfig - save recovery menuconfig
build.sh buildroot_menuconfig - edit buildroot menuconfig
build.sh buildroot_saveconfig - save buildroot menuconfig
build.sh clean - clean all
build.sh distclean - distclean all
build.sh pack - pack firmware
build.sh pack_debug - pack firmware with debug info output to card0
build.sh pack_secure - pack firmware with secureboot
Usage: pack [args]
pack - pack firmware
pack -d - pack firmware with debug info output to card0
pack -s - pack firmware with secureboot
pack -sd - pack firmware with secureboot and debug info output to card0
启动配置界面
Linux-Host$
./build.sh config
运行命令后，依次选择系统类型 —> Linux 发行版 —> 内核版本 —> SoC 型号 —> 主板类型 —> Flash 类型 —> rootfs 文件。
配置成功后，终端会输出类似如下信息：你可以参考以下信息进行配置
========ACTION List: mk_config ;========
options :
All available platform:
0. android
1. linux
Choice [linux]: 1
All available linux_dev:
0. bsp
1. dragonboard
2. buildroot
3. debian
4. yocto
Choice [debian]: 3
All available kern_name:
0. linux-5.10
1. linux-5.15
Choice [linux-5.15]: 1
All available ic:
0. a523
1. a527
2. a733
3. t527
4. t736
Choice [a527]: 1
All available board:
0. cubie_a5e
1. d10_linux_aiot
2. demo_linux_aiot
3. pro2_linux_aiot
Choice [cubie_a5e]: 0
All available flash:
0. default
1. nor
Choice [default]: 0
All available rootfs files:
0. linaro-bullseye-gnome-arm64.tar.gz
1. linaro-bullseye-lite-arm64.tar.gz
2. linaro-bullseye-lxde-arm64.tar.gz
3. linaro-bullseye-xfce-arm64.tar.gz
4. linaro-bullseye-xfce-ros2-humble-arm64.tar.gz
Choice [linaro-bullseye-xfce-arm64.tar.gz]: 3
Setup BSP files
INFO: Prepare toolchain ...
INFO: kernel defconfig: generate /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/kernel/build/.config by /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/device/config/chips/a527/configs/cubie_a5e/debian/linux-5.15/bsp_defconfig
INFO: Prepare toolchain ...
make: Entering directory '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/kernel/linux-5.15'
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/kernel/build'
GEN Makefile
LEX scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.c
YACC scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.[ch]
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lexer.lex.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/menu.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/parser.tab.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/preprocess.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/symbol.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/util.o
HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/conf
*** Default configuration is based on '../../../../../device/config/chips/a527/configs/cubie_a5e/debian/linux-5.15/bsp_defconfig'
#
# configuration written to .config
#
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/kernel/build'
make: Leaving directory '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/kernel/linux-5.15'
INFO: clean buildserver
INFO: prepare_buildserver
常见问题
- python: command not found
解决办法：
Linux-Host$
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
镜像编译
Linux-Host$
./build.sh
编译完成后，终端会输出类似如下信息：
Use init ramdisk file: '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/kernel/linux-5.15/bsp/ramfs/ramfs_aarch64.cpio.gz'.
15983 blocks
30954 blocks
bootimg_build
Copy boot.img to output directory ...
sun55iw3p1 compile all(Kernel+modules+boot.img) successful
INFO: build dts ...
INFO: Prepare toolchain ...
Setup BSP files
'/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/kernel/staging/sunxi.dtb' -> '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/sunxi.dtb'
INFO: build rootfs ...
INFO: Prepare toolchain ...
INFO: Build debian rootfs ...
./mk-image.sh cover
INFO: Build rootfs ...
INFO: 1. using exist rootfs: /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs_def
INFO: 2. Copy the ko and others that system need...
install deb from packages/arm64
using /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/target/a527/debian/package.config
pkg_list:
libcedarc=libcedarc-dev_1.0.0_arm64.deb
xserver=xserver-xorg-mesa-g57_1.21.1-2_arm64.deb
INFO: install package:/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/packages/arm64/libcedarc/libcedarc-dev_1.0.0_arm64.deb
INFO: install package:/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/packages/arm64/xserver/xserver-xorg-mesa-g57_1.21.1-2_arm64.deb
start copy wifi-firmware
wifi_firmware_list:
PACKAGE_AIC8800_SDIO_FIRMWARE
Copy wifi-firmware: PACKAGE_AIC8800_SDIO_FIRMWARE
cp -rf /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/overlay-firmware/etc /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs_def
cp -rf /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/overlay-firmware/usr /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs_def
Copy /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/overlay ...
Copy /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/debian/overlay-debug ...
INFO: start copy firmware to /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs_def/lib/firmware
INFO: copy firmware to /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs_def/lib/firmware ok ...
INFO: 3. Prepare the rootfs img...
PARTITION_FEX:/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/device/config/chips/a527/configs/cubie_a5e/debian/sys_partition.fex
Creating filesystem with parameters:
Size: 7802716160
Block size: 4096
Blocks per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8080
Inode size: 256
Journal blocks: 29765
Label:
Blocks: 1904960
Block groups: 59
Reserved block group size: 471
Created filesystem with 68709/476720 inodes and 747165/1904960 blocks
INFO: ===== Build the rootfs finish =====
INFO: img path: /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/rootfs.ext4
INFO: ----------------------------------------
INFO: build OK.
INFO: ----------------------------------------
镜像打包
Linux-Host$
./build.sh pack
镜像打包完成后，终端会输出类似如下信息：生成的系统镜像会存放在 Allwinner 官方原始 SDK 源码目录的 out 文件夹中。
Dragon execute image.cfg SUCCESS !
----------image is at----------
3.0G /home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527_linux_cubie_a5e_uart0.img
pack finish
U-Boot 编译
若单独编译 U-Boot，可以按照以下步骤完成。
Linux-Host$
./build.sh bootloader
U-Boot 编译
运行 './build.sh bootloader' 将会执行位于 brandy/brandy-2.0/ 目录下的 build.sh 脚本。
命令等效于下面命令：命令会使用 u-boot-2018/configs 目录下的 sun55iw3p1_defconfig 文件
cd brandy/brandy-2.0/
./build.sh -p sun55iw3p1 -b a527
编译完成后，终端会输出类似如下信息：编译 U-Boot 会生成 u-boot、boot0、fes1 以及 sboot 文件，其中生成的文件位置会通过终端日志输出。
========ACTION List: build_bootloader ;========
options :
find: '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/brandy/brandy-2.0/spl': No such file or directory
find: '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/brandy/brandy-2.0/u-boot-bsp': No such file or directory
find: '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/brandy/brandy-2.0/u-boot-efex': No such file or directory
INFO: build_bootloader: brandy_path=/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/brandy/brandy-2.0
INFO: skip build brandy.
| 文件类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| u-boot | Universal Bootloader：通用的主流引导加载程序；负责初始化更完整的硬件环境、加载操作系统内核并将控制权移交给它，是启动过程中承上启下的关键环节。 |
| boot0 | Allwinner 芯片启动的第一阶段引导加载程序（FSBL）；其主要职责是初始化关键硬件（如DRAM、时钟等），并加载下一阶段的引导程序（如U-Boot）。 |
| fes1 | Firmware Execution State：特殊的固件执行状态，通常在强制升级或刷机模式（如通过USB OTG）下启用，用于执行固件烧录和系统恢复任务。 |
| sboot | Secure Boot：用于实现安全启动的引导加载程序；其核心功能是验证后续启动组件（如U-Boot或Linux内核）的数字签名，确保启动链的完整性与安全性，防止运行未经授权的固件。 |
Kernel 编译
若单独编译 Kernel，可以按照以下步骤完成。
Linux-Host$
./build.sh kernel
Kernel 编译
运行 './build.sh kernel' 会使用 device/config/chips/a527/configs/cubie_a5e/debian/linux-5.15/bsp_defconfig 目录下的 defconfig 配置文件和 device/config/chips/a527/configs/cubie_a5e/linux-5.15/board.dts 的 dts 文件进行编译。
编译完成后，终端会输出类似如下信息：编译 Kernel 会生成内核镜像文件，其中生成的文件位于 out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/ 目录下。
Use init ramdisk file: '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/kernel/linux-5.15/bsp/ramfs/ramfs_aarch64.cpio.gz'.
15983 blocks
30954 blocks
bootimg_build
Copy boot.img to output directory ...
sun55iw3p1 compile all(Kernel+modules+boot.img) successful
INFO: build dts ...
INFO: Prepare toolchain ...
Setup BSP files
'/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/kernel/staging/sunxi.dtb' -> '/home/milir/download/tina_sdk/out/a527/cubie_a5e/debian/sunxi.dtb'
| 文件类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| boot.img | 内核镜像文件，包含 kernel 和 device tree |
| sunxi.dtb | 设备树二进制文件 (device tree blob) |